Colonoscopy

During a colonoscopy, a doctor uses a thin, flexible tube with a tiny camera to view the inside of your colon and rectum. If polyps (small growths) are found, they can usually be removed right away. This helps prevent colon cancer before it starts.

Your screening colonoscopy is typically covered by your insurance as a preventive service, which means you don’t have to pay anything at the time of your procedure.

But sometimes, the doctor may need to do something extra during the procedure—like remove a polyp or take a biopsy. If that happens, your insurance will change how they look at the procedure and call it diagnostic. That could mean you’ll have to pay part of the cost, depending on your deductible and coinsurance. If you have questions about what’s covered or what might cost extra, you can call your insurance company or contact us.

The American Cancer Society recommends that adults at average risk for colon cancer begin regular screenings at age 45. If you have a family history of colon cancer, certain health conditions, or other risk factors, your doctor may recommend starting earlier or screening more often. 

Most patients receive sedation or anesthesia during a colonoscopy, so they sleep through the procedure and do not feel pain. Some people experience mild cramping or bloating afterward, but it usually goes away quickly.

Your doctor will give you instructions ahead of time. Usually, you’ll avoid certain foods for a day or two, and drink a liquid solution the night before to clean out your colon. Good preparation is important, because it helps the doctor see clearly during your procedure.

Colonoscopy prep isn’t usually painful, but it can be uncomfortable. The solution you drink helps clear your digestive tract, which may cause bloating, cramping, or frequent trips to the bathroom. Most people describe it as inconvenient rather than painful. Staying close to a restroom, drinking the prep solution as directed, and using clear liquids or broth to stay hydrated can make the process easier. If you have concerns, talk with your care team—they can share tips to help you feel more comfortable.

The actual colonoscopy is usually less than an hour, though you’ll spend some time before and after in a recovery area. Since you’ll receive sedation, you’ll need someone to drive you home.

Colonoscopies are considered very safe. Risks like bleeding or perforation are rare, and your health care team will monitor you closely throughout the process. For most people, the benefits of preventing or detecting cancer early far outweigh the small risks.

If no polyps are found and you’re at average risk, most patients only need a colonoscopy every 10 years. If polyps are found, or if you have certain risk factors, your doctor may recommend screening more often.

Not always. Many patients can schedule a colonoscopy directly through our self-scheduling form, without a referral. However, some insurance plans or health situations may still require a referral from your primary care provider. If you’re unsure, you can check your plan’s requirements or contact our team for guidance—we’re happy to help.